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IC 8647 



Bureau of Mines Information Circular/1974 




Fuel and Energy Data 

United States by States and Regions, 1972 




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 



■M 






Information Circular 8647 

Fuel and Energy Data 

United States by States and Regions, 1972 



By Lulie H. Crump and Charles L. Readling 

Division of Fossil Fuels— Mineral Supply, Washington, D.C. 




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
Rogers C. B. Morton, Secretary 

BUREAU OF MINES 
Thomas V. Falkie, Director 



As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior 
has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural 
resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water re- 
sources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and 
cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for 
the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses 
our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is 
in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major re- 
sponsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who 
live in Island Territories under U.S. administration. 






This publication has been cataloged as follows: 



Crump, Lulie H 

Fuel and energy data: United States by States and regions, 
1972, by Lulie H. Crump and Charles L. fleadling. [Wash- 
ington] U.S. Bureau of Mines [1974] 

82 p. illus., tables. (U.S. Bureau of Mines. Information circu- 
lar 8647) 

Includes bibliography. 

1. Fuel— United States— Statistics. 2. Power resources— United 
States— Statistics. I. U.S. Bureau of Mines. II. Readling, Charles 
L., jt. auth. III. Title. (Series) 

TN23.U71 no. 8647 622.06173 

U.S. Dept. of the Int. Library 



For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.25 

Catalog No. 128.27:8647 



CONTENTS 

Page 

Abstract 1 

Introduction 1 

Definitions and abbreviations 2 

Acknowledgments 3 

United States summary 4 

Regional summary 5 

New England Region 6 

Middle Atlantic Region 7 

East North-Central Region 8 

West North-Central Region 9 

South Atlantic Region 10 

East South-Central Region 11 

West South-Central Region 12 

Mountain Region 13 

Pacific Region 14 

Alabama „ 15 

Alaska 16 

Arizona. . . . „ 17 

Arkansas „ 18 

California 19 

Colorado 20 

Connecticut „ . „ 21 

Delaware 22 

Florida, . . . . 23 

Georgia, „ 24 

Hawaii 25 

Idaho 26 

Illinois 27 

Indiana. „ . 28 

Iowa 29 

Kansas „ . . . . 30 

Kentucky „ . „ 31 

Louisiana 32 

Maine „....., 33 

Maryland and District of Columbia „ 34 

Massachusetts „ „ . 35 

Michigan 36 

Minnesota „ . „ 37 

Mississippi 38 

Missouri 39 

Montana 40 

Nebraska 41 

Nevada 42 

New Hampshire 43 

New Jersey 44 

New Mexico . . . . . „ 45 

New York 46 

North Carolina . „ 47 

North Dakota 48 



11 

Ohio 49 

Oklahoma 50 

Oregon 51 

Pennsylvania 52 

Rhode Island . 53 

South Carolina 54 

South Dakota 55 

Tennessee 56 

Texas 57 

Utah . 58 

Vermont „ 59 

Virginia „ 60 

Washington „ 61 

West Virginia 62 

Wisconsin 63 

Wyoming 64 

Bibliography 65 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

1. Regional Divisions of the United States 67 

2. Coal fields of the United States 68 

3. Oil and gas fields of the United States 69 

4. Principal uranium deposits of the United States 70 

5. Production of energy resources, total 1960-70, and by major 

sources, 1972-73 71 

6. Consumption of energy resources, total 1960-70, and by major 
sectors, 1971-73 72 

7. Comparison of production and consumption of fossil fuels by 

regions, 1972 73 

8. Energy consumption by sectors, 1972 74 

TABLES 

1. U.S. gross consumption of energy resources 75 

2. Ranking of States in terms of energy consumption per capita, 

1972 76 

3. Gross and net energy inputs by region and State, 1971 and 1972 . . 78 

4. Energy sources comprising gross consumption, by region, in 
percentages 80 

5. Salient fuel statistics, 1972" Undistributed items 81 

6. Conversion factors 82 



FUEL AND ENERGY DATA: UNITED STATES BY STATES AND REGIONS, 1972 

By 
Lulie H. Crump —'and Charles L. Readling — ' 



ABSTRACT 

Salient information on reserves, production, and consumption of fuels 
and energy by State are summarized in this Bureau of Mines publication. The 
data are broken down by fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and natural gas) and 
hydropower and nuclear for the major consuming sectors: Household-Commercial, 
Industrial, Transportation, Electric Power and Miscellaneous. In addition, 
total energy consumption in the Nation in 1972 is compared with consumption 
in 1971 and 1973 (preliminary data) . 

INTRODUCTION 

An essential basic function of the Bureau of Mines is to collect data on 
the production and consumption of fossil fuels. The data for each fuel are 
generally published in separate reports. By consolidating these data, as well 
as pertinent information from other sources, this report provides a summary 
of basic facts and patterns for the fuel-energy position of each State in 1972. 
The individual State and regional tables can be used as a framework upon which 
more extensive fuel-energy studies can be developed. Although the report 
focuses on the individual States, larger geographic viewpoints are summarized 
according to nine regional divisions of the Nation. Data for the United States 
are also included, thereby giving a national perspective to the fuel-energy 
position of a particular State or region. Additional tables and illustrations 
are included to portray some of the more salient facts. 

The second of its type, this report follows "United States Energy Fact 
Sheets by States and Regions — 1971," which was published as an Interior 
Department publication in February 1973. 

It should be noted that the total U.S. consumption as compiled from the 
data for the individual States differs from the figures compiled on a national 
basis. The differences are generally due to situations where the destinations 
of certain fuel shipments were not revealable and/or where the distribution 
could not be determined. The differences are listed in table 5. 

Some data are withheld or combined to prevent disclosing individual 
company confidential information. Data that are combined for several States 
are listed in the State that accounts for the largest share. 

1/ Statistical assistant, Branch of Interfuels and Special Studies. 
2/ Mineral specialist, Branch of Interfuels and Special Studies. 



The factors used to convert quantities into British thermal units 
(Btu) are given in table 6. 

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

bbl --barrels (42 gallons per barrel) 

Btu --British thermal units. The amount of heat necessary to raise the 
temperature of 1 pound of water 1° F at or near 39.2° F. It is a convenient 
measure by which to compare the energy of various fuels. For example, the 
energy in 1 ton of coal is equivalent to approximately 24.05 million Btu, 
whereas 1 ton of gasoline (about 324 gallons or 7.7 barrels) contains about 
40 million Btu. 

Consumption - -Many of the quantities listed were reported as shipments 
or sales and may not reflect the actual consumption. 

Anthracite consumption is included in "miscellaneous," but the principal 
consuming sectors are "electric power" and "household-commercial." 

Bituminous coal consumption in the industrial sector includes any coal 
used for transportation. 

"Petroleum products" include the following: Motor and aviation gasoline, 
jet fuel, kerosine, distillate and residual fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, 
and asphalt (including road oil). Other products are included in table 5. 

Natural gas used as pipeline fuel is reported in the transportation 
sector. 

Thermal equivalent energy inputs for hydroelectric powerplants were 
derived by using a heat rate of 10,379 Btu per kilowatt-hour, the national 
average heat rate in 1972 for fossil-fueled steam-electric plants as reported 
by the Federal Power Commission. The heat rate used for nuclear power was 
10,660 Btu per kilowatt-hour, based on information from the Atomic Energy 
Commission. ("Heat rate" is the amount of energy necessary to generate 
1 kilowatt-hour of electricity.) 

Energy inputs --"Gross inputs" is the total energy input into the economy. 
It includes coal, petroleum, natural gas, and the electricity generated by 
hydroelectric and nuclear powerplants converted to equivalent energy inputs. 
"Total net inputs (three sectors)" is the total input into the various 
consuming sectors, except "electric power." It consists of direct fuels 
and electricity distributed from the electric power sector. 

kW-hr --Kilowatt-hour . The amount of energy equal to 1 kilowatt in 
1 hour. It is equivalent to 3,412 Btu. 

MMcf--Million cubic feet. 



Reserves : 

Coal --The reserve figures reported are the demonstrated reserve base 
and include measured and indicated inplace quantities of bituminous coal 
and anthracite in beds 28 inches or more thick and subbituminous coal in 
beds 60 inches or more thick that occur at depths to 1,000 feet. Also 
included are small quantities of coal in beds thinner and/or deeper that 
presently are being mined or for which there is evidence that they could 
be mined commercially at this time. The data for lignite include beds 
60 inches or more thick that can be surface-mined; they generally occur 
at depths no greater than 120 feet. In general, the amount of coal that 
can be recovered from a deposit ranges from 50 to 90 percent of a reserve 
base, depending upon the location and geologic occurrence of the coalbed. 

Crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids —The data are proved 
reserves as of yearend 1972 as reported by the American Petroleum Institute 
and American Gas Association. "Proved reserves" are reserves that can be 
recovered with reasonable certainty from known reservoirs under existing 
economic and operating conditions. They do not include petroleum in unproved 
portions of partly developed fields. 

Uranium - -The data are as of yearend 1972 and are based on a cost of $8 
per pound of recoverable U3O8 (uranium oxide) as reported by the Atomic 
Energy Commission. 

Trillion —Million million; 10 12 

Utility electricity distributed —The electricity generated by powerplants 
and transmitted to the household-commercial, industrial, and transportation 
sectors was distributed on the basis of sales of electricity as reported by 
the Edison Electric Institute. The data were adjusted to the total net 
generation and net imports of utility electricity in the United States. 

U^Or (uranium oxide) — The international standard for the form in which 
uranium concentrate is marketed. 

W— Data withheld to avoid disclosing confidential information. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

Assistance in preparing this publication was given by Eugene R. Slatick 
and Roger A. Diedrich, Branch of Interfuels and Special Studies. 



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BIBLIOGRAPHY 65 

Bureau of Mines Documents 

1. U.S. Bureau of Mines. Bituminous Coal and Lignite Distribution: 

Calendar Year 1972. Mineral Industry Survey, April 9, 1973, 
39 pp. 

2. . Coal — Bituminous and Lignite in 1972. Mineral Industry 

Survey, Nov. 15, 1973, 77 pp. 

3. . Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite in 1972. Mineral Industry 



Survey, Sept. 26, 1973, 35 pp. 

4. . Crude Petroleum, Petroleum Products and Natural-Gas -Liquids , 

1972. Mineral Industry Survey, December 21, 1973, 44 pp. 

5. . Natural Gas Production and Consumption: 1972. Mineral Industry 



Survey, Sept. 7, 1973, 14 pp. 
. Petroleum Refineries in the United States and Puerto Rico, 



January 1, 1973. Mineral Industry Survey, July 24, 1973, 16 pp , 
. Sales of Fuel Oil and Kerosine in 1972. Mineral Industry 



Survey, Oct. 10, 1973, 14 pp. 
. Sales of Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Ethane in 1972. 



Mineral Industry Survey, Oct. 25, 1973, 12 pp. 

9. . Woodmansee, Walter C. Uranium Preprint from the 1972 

Bureau of Mines Minerals Yearbook, 1973, 25 pp. 

Other Doc ume nts 

10. American Gas Association, American Petroleum Institute, and Canadian 

Petroleum Institute. Reserves of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids, 
and Natural Gas in the United States and Canada and United States 
Productive Capacity as of December 31, 1972. V. 27, May 1973, 
251 pp. 

11. Independent Petroleum Association of America. The Oil Producing 

Industry in Your State. 1973, 106 pp. 

12. Oil and Gas Industry. 1973 Survey of Gas-Processing Plants. V. 71, 

No. 28, July 9, 1973, p. 98. 

13. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Statistical Data of the Uranium 

Industry, January 1, 1973. 65 pp. 

14. U.S. Department of Commerce. Estimates of the Population of States: 

July 1, 1972 and 1973 (Advance Report) Series P-25, No. 508, 
November 1973, 2 pp. 



66 

15. U.S. Department of the Interior. United States Energy Fact 

Sheets by States and Regions — 1971 . February 1973, 138 pp , 

16. U.S. Department of Labor Area Trends in Employment and 

Unemployment. July 1973, 43 pp. 



67 




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FIGURE 7 



61.3 



FUEL PRODUCTION 



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76 TABLE 2. - Ranking of States in terms of 

energy consumption per capita 
(net and gross) - 1972 



State 

Wyoming 

Louisiana 

Alaska 

Texas 

West Virginia. . 

Indiana 

New Mexico 

Kansas 

Montana 

Utah 

Alabama 

Oklahoma 

Ohio 

Arkansas 

Pennsylvania. . . 

Idaho 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

Mississippi. . . . 

Colorado 

Maine 

Delaware 

Illinois 

North Dakota. . . 

Iowa 

Michigan 

Kentucky 

Minnesota 

Oregon 

Washington 

Tennessee 

Missouri 

Wisconsin 

Arizona 

Georgia , 

New Jersey. 
South Dakota. . , 
Massachusetts. , 

Virginia , 

Md . and D . C . . . 
South Carolina, 
California. 
New Hampshire. . 
Rhode Island. . , 
North Carolina, 
New York 



Population 


Btu, net, 


Btu, gross, 




(thousands) 


per capita 


per capita 


Rank 


346 


684 


985 


1 


3,738 


644 


716 


2 


325 


542 


607 


3 


11,604 


506 


589 


4 


1,795 


414 


633 


5 


5,286 


399 


477 


6 


1,076 


390 


571 


. 7 


2,268 


365 


439 


8 


716 


363 


478 


9 


1,127 


351 


364 


10 


3,521 


314 


414 


11 


2,633 


310 


390 


12 


10,722 


306 


359 


13 


2,008 


297 


325 


14 


11,905 


291 


346 


15 


755 


285 


337 


16 


1,528 


284 


305 


17 


533 


283 


509 


18 


2,256 


279 


305 


19 


2,364 


275 


323 


20 


1,026 


274 


307 


21 


571 


272 


289 


22 


11,244 


269 


329 


23 


634 


269 


485 


24 


2,884 


268 


314 


25 


9,013 


268 


310 


26 


3,306 


261 


382 


27 


3,877 


259 


302 


28 


2,185 


250 


374 


29 


3,418 


247 


425 


30 


4,072 


243 


316 


31 


4,747 


239 


293 


32 


4,526 


231 


280 


33 


1,963 


230 


281 


1 


4,733 


222 


2S0 


7,349 


220 


252 


36 


680 


220 


323 


37 


5,796 


218 


257 


38 


4,765 


218 


254 


39 


4,800 


216 


262 


40 


2,688 


216 


273 


41 


20,411 


215 


252 


42 


774 


213 


260 


43 


969 


207 


208 


44 


5,221 


198 


268 


45 


18,367 


192 


235 


46 



TABLE 2. - Ranking of States in terms of 
energy consumption per capita 
(net and gross) - 1972 - Continued 



77 



State 



Population 


Btu, net, 


Bt 


u, gross, 




(thousands) 


per capita 


per capita 


Ran 


460 


189 




190 


47 


816 


185 




228 


48 


3,080 


181 




248 


49 


7,347 


165 




217 


50 



Vermont. 

Hawa i i , 

Connecticut, 
Florida. 



NOTE: Some States include coal consumption from another State to avoid 
disclosing individual company data. 



78 



TABLE 3. - Gross and net energy inputs by region 
and State, 1971 and 1972 
(trillion Btu) 



Region 
and State 



Gross energy 
inputs 



1971 



1972 



Net energy 
inputs 



1971 



1972 



New England: 2,815.1 

Maine 276.7 

New Hampshire 145.6 

Vermont 78.5 

Massachusetts 1,393.9 

Rhode Island 201.1 

Connecticut 719.3 

Middle Atlantic: 9,707.1 

New York 4,128.6 

New Jersey 1,762.2 

Pennsylvania 3,816.3 

East North-Central: 13,236.9 

Ohio 3,633.6 

Indiana 2,231.6 

Illinois 3,485.8 

Michigan 2,615.2 

Wisconsin 1,270.7 

West North-Central: 5,101.3 

Minnesota 1,081.8 

Iowa 849.8 

Missouri 1,292.9 

North Dakota 285.9 

South Dakota 209.1 

Nebraska ....... 428.9 

Kansas 953.0 

South Atlantic: 8,086.4 

Delaware 146.8 

Md. & D.C. 1,155.5 

Virginia 1,121.4 

West Virginia .... 1,000.1 

North Carolina. . . . 1,266.1 

South Carolina. . . . 644.5 

Georgia 1,309.4 

Florida 1,442.6 

East South-Central 4,423.2 

Kentucky 1,213.7 

Tennessee 1,186.0 

Alabama 1,392.2 

Mississippi 631.3 



3,058.1 


2,344.2 


2,555.5 


315.2 


228.1 


281.3 


201.3 


133.5 


165.2 


87.5 


79.7 


87.1 


1,489.9 


1,183.4 


1,261.9 


201.1 


197.4 


201.0 


763.1 


522.1 


559.0 


10,286.3 


8,137.3 


8,600.4 


4,311.7 


3,374.8 


3,521.7 


1,854.8 


1,520.3 


1,616.3 


4,119.8 


3,242.2 


3,462.4 


14,130.0 


11,059.7 


11,872.8 


3,846.7 


3,060.1 


3,279.3 


2,519.9 


1,843.3 


2,107.6 


3,702.3 


2,876.1 


3,027.5 


2,795.5 


2,239.3 


2,412.1 


1,265.6 


1,040.9 


1,046.3 


5,453.6 


4,166.2 


4,494.3 


1,171.4 


928.1 


1,005.1 


904.6 


715.2 


773.3 


1,388.5 


1,053.0 


1,134.3 


307.7 


155.3 


170.7 


219.9 


136.0 


149.4 


465.9 


397.5 


434.4 


995.6 


781.2 


827.1 


8,861.5 


6,245.6 


6,847.6 


164.8 


149.8 


155.3 


1,256.4 


969.0 


1,036.1 


1,208.3 


951.3 


1,036.7 


1,136.1 


653.4 


743.2 


1,397.6 


927.4 


1,033.2 


733.0 


520.7 


581.4 


1,374.1 


967.2 


1,050.8 


1,591.2 


1,106.8 


1,210.9 


4,697.5 


3,303.2 


3,586.0 


1,264.4 


814.4 


863.0 


1,285.1 


897.3 


989.3 


1,459.1 


1,014.1 


1,104.4 


688.9 


577.4 


629.3 



TABLE 3. - Gross and net energy inputs by region 
and State, 1971 and 1972 
(trillion Btu) - Continued 



79 



Region 
and State 



Gross energy 
inputs 



1971 



1972 



Net energy 
inputs 



1971 



1972 



West South-Central 10,484.3 11,199.2 

Arkansas 605.1 652.8 

Louisiana 2,485.2 2,677.8 

Oklahoma 965.8 1,028.1 

Texas 6,428.2 6,840.5 

Mountain: 3,191.8 3,547.3 

Montana 329.6 341.9 

Idaho 232.6 254.2 

Wyoming 305.4 340.7 

Colorado 691.7 763.8 

New Mexico 562.6 614.3 

Arizona 539.0 551.2 

Utah 365.8 409.8 

Nevada 165.1 271.4 

Pacific: 7,467.2 7,797.2 

Washington 1,349.5 1,451.7 

Oregon 778.3 817.5 

California 4,978.4 5,144.4 

Alaska 180.9 197.4 

Hawaii 180.1 186.2 



9,117.1 
532.8 

2,223.5 
766.4 

5,594.4 

2,513.8 
247.1 
194.5 
220.9 
586.5 
378.3 
403.0 
351.7 
131.9 

5,829.9 
786.1 
505.5 

4,227.4 
162.7 
148.2 



9,695.3 
596.0 

2,408.5 
816.9 

5,873.9 

2,778.7 
260.1 
215.2 
236.5 
650.0 
419.2 
451.6 
395.3 
150.8 

6,104.2 
844.4 
546.2 

4,386.6 
176.3 
150.7 



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82 



TABLE 6. - Conversion factors 



Bituminous coal and lignite, Btu per short ton: 

Production, average 24,050,000 

Consumption, average. . „ . . 23,750,000 

Electric generation 22,364,000 

Anthracite, Btu per short ton: 25,400,000 

Petroleum products, Btu per barrel: 

Natural gasoline „ , 4,620,000 

Liquefied gases 4,011,000 

Jet fuel, naphtha- type 5,355,000 

Jet fuel, Kerosine-type 5,670,000 

Gasoline (including aviation) 5,248,000 

Special naphtha 5,248,000 

Kerosine 5,670,000 

Distillate (including diesel) 5,825,000 

Residual fuel oil 6,287,000 

Still gas 6,000,000 

Lubricants 6,065,000 

Waxes o 5,537,000 

Petroleum coke 6,024,000 

Asphalt and road oil 6,636,000 

Natural gas liquids, Btu per gallon: 

Natural gasoline and cycle products 110,000 

Liquefied petroleum gases <> „ 95,500 

Ethane 73,390 

Natural gas, dry, Btu per cubic foot 1,031 

Nuclear power, Btu per kilowatt-hour o . 10,660 

Hydropower, Btu per kilowatt-hour 10,379 



U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1974 O - 550-211 



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